Betty Comden (May 3, 1917 – November 23, 2006) was an American lyricist, playwright, and screenwriter who contributed to numerous musical film and Broadway theatre of the mid-20th century. Her writing partnership with Adolph Green spanned six decades: "the longest running creative partnership in theatre history." The musical-comedy duo of Comden and Green collaborated most notably with composers Jule Styne and Leonard Bernstein, as well enjoyed success with Singin' in the Rain, as part of the famed "Arthur Freed" at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
In 1938, mutual friends introduced her to Adolph Green, an aspiring actor. Along with the young Judy Holliday and Leonard Bernstein, Comden and Green formed a troupe called the Revuers, which performed at the Village Vanguard, a club in Greenwich Village. "Betty Comden" jewishvirtuallibrary.org, accessed August 25, 2012. Due to the act's success, the Revuers appeared in the 1944 film Greenwich Village, Greenwich Village (film), tcm.com, accessed May 2, 2016 but their roles were so small they were barely noticed, and they returned to New York.
Comden and Green's first Broadway show was On the Town, a 1944 musical about three sailors on leave in New York City that was an expansion of a ballet entitled Fancy Free on which Bernstein had been working with choreographer Jerome Robbins. Comden and Green wrote the book and lyrics, which included sizable parts for themselves (as "Claire" and "Ozzie"). Their next musical, Billion Dollar Baby in 1945, with music by Morton Gould was not a success, and their 1947 show Bonanza Bound closed out-of-town and never reached Broadway. "Betty Comden and Adolph Green" Pbs.org, accessed August 25, 2012
They followed this with another hit, The Band Wagon, in which the characters of Lester and Lily, a husband-and-wife musical-writing team, were patterned after themselves. As with Singin' in the Rain, the real-life team did not write the songs. They were Academy Awards-nominated twice, for their screenplays for The Band Wagon and It's Always Fair Weather. Both films also received Screen Writers Guild Awards; On the Town did too.
Comden and Green's stage work of the 1950s included Two on the Aisle, starring Bert Lahr and Dolores Gray, with music by Jule Styne; Wonderful Town, a musical adaptation of the play My Sister Eileen, with music by Bernstein; and Bells Are Ringing, which reunited them with Judy Holliday and Jule Styne. The score, including the standards "Just in Time", "Long Before I Knew You", and "The Party's Over", proved to be one of their richest.
The duo contributed additional lyrics to the 1954 musical Peter Pan, translated and streamlined Die Fledermaus for the Metropolitan Opera, and collaborated with Styne on songs for the play-with-music Say, Darling. In 1958, they appeared on Broadway in A Party with Betty Comden and Adolph Green, a revue that included some of their early sketches. It was a critical and commercial success, and they brought an updated version back to Broadway in 1977.
The pair wrote the screenplay for Auntie Mame in 1958. The New York Times movie review from that year lays it out as follows:
Comden and Green's Broadway work in the 1960s included four collaborations with Jule Styne. They wrote the lyrics for Do Re Mi, and the book and lyrics for Subways Are For Sleeping, Fade Out – Fade In, and Hallelujah, Baby! Their Hallelujah, Baby! score won a Tony Award.
Comden and Green wrote the libretto for the 1970 musical Applause, an adaptation of the film All About Eve, and wrote the book and lyrics for 1978's On the Twentieth Century, with music by Cy Coleman. Comden also played Letitia Primrose in that musical when original star Imogene Coca left the show. Comden and Green's final musical hit was 1991's The Will Rogers Follies, providing lyrics to Cy Coleman's music. The duo's biggest failure was 1982's A Doll's Life, an attempt to figure out what Nora did after she abandoned her husband in Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House, which ran for only five performances, although they received Tony Award nominations for its book and score.
In 1980, Comden was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame. And, in 1981, she was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame. "26 Elected to the Theater Hall of Fame", The New York Times, March 3, 1981; accessed June 10, 2014. In the early 1980s, Comden acted in Wendy Wasserstein's play Isn't It Romantic, portraying the lead character's mother.
In 1984, filmmaker Sidney Lumet directed a film about Greta Garbo, Garbo Talks, starring Anne Bancroft and Ron Silver. The producers of the film were sure that the real Garbo either could not be located or would refuse flatly to appear in a cameo. They asked a known associate of Garbo to ask the great actress if she would appear in the film, but received no response. So, Comden was asked to appear in the film for the brief, pivotal "over-the-shoulder" scenes. Erickson, Glenn. "'Garbo Talks' ", Tcm.com; accessed May 2, 2016.Erickson, Hal. Garbo Talks, Allmovie.com, accessed May 2, 2016.
Comden and Green received Kennedy Center Honors in 1991.Kilian, Michael. "For Gregory Peck, Oscar Can't Compare To Kennedy Center Honors", Chicago Tribune, December 9, 1991; accessed May 2, 2016.Holden, Stephen. "Review/Television; A Big Round of Applause at the Kennedy Center", The New York Times, December 26, 1991; accessed May 2, 2016 "The Kennedy Center Honors: A Celebration of the Performing Arts (1991)", tcm.com; accessed May 2, 2016.
In 1994, Comden and Green were guest callers, "Linda" and "Walter", on the long-running sit-com Frasier in the episode entitled "Burying a Grudge."
1950 | WGA Award | Best Written American Musical | The Barkleys of Broadway | |
On the Town | ||||
1953 | Singin' in the Rain | |||
New York Drama Critics' Circle Award | Best Musical | Wonderful Town | ||
1954 | Academy Awards | Best Writing, Story and Screenplay | The Band Wagon | |
WGA Award | Best Written American Musical | |||
1956 | Academy Awards | Best Writing, Story and Screenplay | It's Always Fair Weather | |
WGA Award | Best Written American Musical | |||
1961 | Bells Are Ringing | |||
Grammy Award | Best Soundtrack Album | |||
1968 | Tony Award | Best Composer and Lyricist | Hallelujah, Baby! | |
1978 | Best Book of a Musical | On the Twentieth Century | ||
Best Original Score | ||||
1983 | Best Book of a Musical | A Doll's Life | ||
Best Original Score | ||||
1986 | Best Book of a Musical | Singin' in the Rain | ||
1991 | Best Original Score | The Will Rogers Follies | ||
New York Drama Critics' Circle Award | Best Musical | |||
1993 | Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement | The Arts | ||
1995 | National Board of Review Award | Distinction in Screenwriting | ||
2001 | WGA Award | Laurel Award for Screen Writing Achievement |
|
|